Italian politics

 Politics of Italy 

          The politics of Italy are conducted through a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Italy has been a democratic republic since 2 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum and a constituent assembly was elected to draft a constitution, which was promulgated on 1 January 1948.

Politics of Italy Sistema politico italiano
Emblem of Italy
Polity type	Unitary parliamentary republic
Constitution	Constitution of Italy
Legislative branch
Name	Parliament
Type	Bicameral
Meeting place	Palazzo Madama Palazzo Montecitorio
Upper house
Name	Senate
Presiding officer	Ignazio La Russa, President of the Senate
Lower house
Name	Chamber of Deputies
Presiding officer	Lorenzo Fontana, President of the Chamber of Deputies
Executive branch
Head of State
Title	President
Currently	Sergio Mattress
Appointer	Parliament
Head of Government
Title	Prime Minister
Currently	Giorgia Meloni
Appointer	President
Cabinet
Name	Council of Ministers
Current cabinet	Meloni Cabinet
Leader	Prime Minister
Appointer	President
Headquarters	Palazzo Chigi
Ministries	21
Judicial branch
Name	Judiciary
Supreme Court of Cassation
Chief judge	Giovanni Mammone
Constitutional Court
Chief judge	Silvana Sciarr

Executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers, which is led by the Prime Minister, officially referred to as "President of the Council" (Presidente del Consiglio). Legislative power is vested primarily in the two houses of Parliament and secondarily in the Council of Ministers, which can introduce bills and holds the majority in both houses. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislative branches. It is headed by the High Council of the Judiciary, a body presided over by the President, who is the head of state, though this position is separate from all branches. The current president is Sergio Mattarella, and the current prime minister is Giorgia Meloni.

The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Italy as a "flawed democracy" in 2019.^[1] A high degree of fragmentation and instability, leading to often short-lived coalition governments, is characteristic of Italian politics.^[2][3] Since the end of World War II in 1945, Italy has had 69 governmehttp://nts, at an average of one every 1.11 years.^[4]

Government 

each region (save for the Aosta Valley, which due to its small size only appoints one), so as to guarantee representation for localities and minorities.

Legislative branchEdit

Further information: Italian Parliament

Lorenzo Fontana, President of the Chamber of Deputies since 14 October 2022

Ignazio La Russa, President of the Senate since 13 October 2022

With article 48 of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to vote, the people exercise their power through their elected representatives in the Parliament.^[6] The Parliament has a bicameral system, and consists of the Chamber of deputies and the Senate, elected every five years.^[7] The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately.

The Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the bicameral Italian Parliament, has 400 members, of which 392 are elected from Italian constituencies and 8 from Italian citizens living abroad. Members of the Chamber of Deputies are styled The Honourable (Italian: Onorevole)^[8] and meet at Palazzo Montecitorio in Rome.

The Senate of the Republic, the upper house of the bicameral Italian Parliament, has 200 members, of which 196 are elected from Italian constituencies and 4 from Italian citizens living abroad. In addition, there is a variable number (currently 6) of senators for life (senatori a vita), either appointed by the President of the Republic or rightfully so as former Presidents of the Republic. Members of the Senate are styled Senator or The Honourable Senator (Italian: Onorevole Senatore)^[9] and meet at Palazzo Madama in Rome.

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